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Southern Xiangtangshan, sculpture fragments
- Title Translation: ååå å±±ę“ē©“ē¾¤ , éå”ē¢ē
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: The two main groups of caves are known as Northern and Southern Xiangtangshan. The Northern Group, Bei Xiangtang, is the earliest and largest in scale and has three caves begun with imperial sponsorship; the Southern Group, Nan Xiangtang, has smaller caves numbered from one to seven; and a third site at Shuiyusi, also known as Xiao Xiangtang or āLittle Xiangtang,ā has one Northern Qi cave with sculptures.
550 - 577
Southern Xiangtangshan, sculpture fragments
- Title Translation: ååå å±±ę“ē©“ē¾¤ , éå”ē¢ē
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: The two main groups of caves are known as Northern and Southern Xiangtangshan. The Northern Group, Bei Xiangtang, is the earliest and largest in scale and has three caves begun with imperial sponsorship; the Southern Group, Nan Xiangtang, has smaller caves numbered from one to seven; and a third site at Shuiyusi, also known as Xiao Xiangtang or āLittle Xiangtang,ā has one Northern Qi cave with sculptures.
550 - 577
Arhat (Luohan)
- Title Translation: ē½ę±
- Period: Liao, 907-1125 C.E.
- Project: Yixian Arhat
- Work Description: Life-size, seated figure of a 'luohan' (arhat), with hands on lap, on a plinth with perforated front, the robes green and brown with stripes bordered blue. Made of lead-glazed stoneware.
907
1125
1125
Bodhisattva Head
- Title Translation: č©čØ夓
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Lotus Pedestal
- Title Translation: č©čØč²č±å°
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Guardian King
- Title Translation: č©čØē«å
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: Standing Bodhisattva, robed, holding flywhisk and unidentified object.
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Head
- Title Translation: č©čØ夓
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Pratyekabuddha Head
- Title Translation: č¾ęÆ(ē¼č§)ä½å¤“
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: Stone head of a Pratyekabuddha. Dark bistre colored marble with a greenish yellow patina. From a large statue, approximately life size. Ancient head covering in spiral peak form.
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Head
- Title Translation: č©čØ夓
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: Stone head of bodhisattva. Hard dark stone. Life size. Narrow oval face with half-closed eyes and tiny mouth; no urna; long ears with pierced lobes and earrings; three peaked headdress with tassels partly missing.
550 - 577
Buddha Head
- Title Translation: ä½å¤“
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Head
- Title Translation: č©čØ夓
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: Although the Northern Qi was a shortlived state in northeastern China, it once served as a major center for the development of Buddhism. Its rulers were fervent followers of Buddhism and patrons of innumerable temple building projects. A major focus of their efforts was the great rock-cut cave complex at Xiangtangshan on the border between Hebei and Henan. This head once belonged to a colossal statue at this site. Its rounded, rather youthful face and smooth contours are typical of the stylistic development of the time.
550 - 577
Buddha Torso
- Title Translation: ä½čŗÆ
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Bodhisattvas Standing
- Title Translation: č©čØē«å
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: This sculpture along with A.8-1913 was bought from S.M. Franck & Co. in London in 1913 for Ā£60. They also feature in the publication 'La Sculpture Chinoise' (plate 538), Annales du musee Guimet, biliotheque d'art novelle serie - 1, 1926.
550 - 577
Bodhisattvas Standing
- Title Translation: č©čØē«å
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: This figure sculpted from stone represents the Bodhissatva Guanyin, an important Buddhist deity, also known as the Bodhissatva of Compassion and Avalokitesvara in Sanskrit and who embodies the compassion of all Buddhas. Depictions of Guanyin feature very widely in Chinese material culture from the earliest times of Buddhist worship in China in the late 2nd century AD. Guanyin can be identified by the small figure of the Amitaba Buddha that sits in his crown. Bodhisattvas (with Museum No.A7-1913) are spiritually enlightened beings who help others attain enlightnment. Here they each hold a lotus bud as a symbol of purity and goodness. The lotus also represents the potential for attaining enlightenment.
550 - 577
Southern Xiangtangshan, seated buddha
- Title Translation: ååå å±±ę“ē©“ē¾¤ , åä½
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: The two main groups of caves are known as Northern and Southern Xiangtangshan. The Northern Group, Bei Xiangtang, is the earliest and largest in scale and has three caves begun with imperial sponsorship; the Southern Group, Nan Xiangtang, has smaller caves numbered from one to seven; and a third site at Shuiyusi, also known as Xiao Xiangtang or āLittle Xiangtang,ā has one Northern Qi cave with sculptures.
550 - 577
Disciple Hands
- Title Translation: å¼åę
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: The Xiangtangshan Caves located in the Fengfeng Mining District in Handan, Hebei Province, are clustered in two groups: Northern and Southern Xiangtangshan. They represent the finest of grotto art produced in the Northern Qi dynasty (550-577 CE). This pair of limestone hands originally belonged to the Middle Cave at Northern Xiangtangshan, constructed during the reign of Emperor Wenxuan (550-559) of the Northern Qi dynasty. The cave is a huge central-pillared cave with a corridor in front of a main chamber, the second largest of all caves at Xiangtangshan. Old pictures have shown that this fragmented piece originally belonged to the left acolyte disciple of a grouping featuring ÅÄkyamuni Buddha flanked by two Bodhisattvas and two disciples in the large niche at the front of the central pillar. This discipleās lean and rather aged face suggests that he is MahÄkÄÅyapa, one of the ten principal disciples of ÅÄkyamuni. He was deemed the foremost in ascetic dhÅ«ta practice. Before the Buddha passed away, he entrusted MahÄkÄÅyapa with the task of imparting the Buddhist Dharma. After the Buddha entered parinirvÄį¹a, MahÄkÄÅyapa became the head of the monastic community and convened the First Council at RÄjagį¹ha for compiling Buddhist canon. Thereafter, he continued to lead the monastic community for more than two decades. Although fragmented, this work is amazingly realistic. The left hand with palm up is holding a reliquary, while the fingers of the right hand are pressing against the lid. Both hands are soft and fleshy, as if boneless. The fingers are nimble, and the curvature of each finger differs. It is worth noting that the carver did not illustrate the knuckles, but rather, greatly emphasising the softness and texture of the hands. The fingernails are also finely represented. The hands look fleshy but not chubby; the gesture natural and lively. Overall, the carverās superb artistry is well demonstrated.
550 - 577
Pratyekabuddha Standing
- Title Translation: ē«ē¼č§ä½
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Seated
- Title Translation: č©čØåå
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Monster Kneeling
- Title Translation: č·Ŗ鬼ē„
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Musician Flute
- Title Translation: éæē¬ä¹ä¼
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Monster Kneeling
- Title Translation: č©čØē«å
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: Standing Bodhisattva, robed, holding flywhisk and unidentified object.
550 - 577
Pratyekabuddha Standing
- Title Translation: č¾ęÆ(ē¼č§)ä½å¤“
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: Statue of Pratyekabuddha made of hard stone, colored and darkened by age. There are traces of dark red and brown paint and slight traces of green and blue on the piece. It is a standing figure, the hands holding a lotus bud, with heavy hands and large neck. The draperies are very massive and simple. The statue has a slightly upturned face with eyes almost closed with long ears and a cap-like arrangement of hair. It has bare feet with no pedesta but there is a tang that extends below the statuel. C113, C150 and C151 are from Cave #2 of the Southern Xiangtangshan. C113 and C151 may not from the same group judging from their different execution.
550 - 577
Monster Squatting Bird
- Title Translation: 鬼ē„č¹²éø
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Head
- Title Translation: č©čØ夓
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: This is the head of the bodhisattva Maitreya, who is thought to be waiting in a heaven for the moment when he will be born to become the next Buddha on this earth. The expression on his face is serene as he waits in meditative bliss. Ribbons stream down the sides of his head from the beautifully articulated crown. Heavy earrings pull his earlobes down to his shoulders.
550 - 577
Bodhisattva Seated
- Title Translation: č©čØåå
- Period: Northern Qi, 550-577 C.E.
- Project: Xiangtangshan Caves
- Work Description: With beautifully stylized drapery and heavy ornaments, this bodhisattva looks powerful and introspective, seated in a yogic posture of meditation. His right hand is held up in a gesture that means, āDo not be afraid.ā His left hand is in the gift-giving gesture. These hand positions simultaneously reassure supplicants and promise them that their pious wishes will be granted.
550 - 577